Electric appliances
The electrical system that will accommodate most of today's electric
appliances is usually characterized by the following:
A single, 125 amp or larger electrical panel with circuit breakers. A label
on the inside of the panel will indicate the amperage capacity.
Electrical receptacles for three-pronged plugs.
Receptacles placed within six feet along wall surfaces.
Ground fault circuit interrupters (GFI) protecting receptacles in the
bathroom and, in the newest homes, in the kitchen and out-of-doors. The
presence of an interrupter may be indicated by the presence of two small
test/reset buttons on the three-pronged receptacles.
Arc Fault Interrupters (AFIs) are the latest safety device and help prevent
electrical fires. The latest electrical codes require their use in bedroom
circuits.
Wiring neatly done. All connections inside a plastic or metal electrical box.
All electrical boxes have a proper cover.
However, a little knowledge can be dangerous: just because the receptacle is
of the newer 3 pronged variety does not mean that it was wired correctly,
the same can be true about the GFIs and AFIs.
Possible Signs of Inadequate Electrical Systems
Larger fuse sizes used to "prevent fuses from blowing." Note: It is probable
that 30 amp fuses or larger are the proper size for the water heater, dryer
and stove, but not for other circuits.
15 or 20 amp fuses blow regularly. Extension cords used as a permanent part
of the system.
Lights dim when an electric appliance is turned on. Use of adapters to
increase the number of appliances plugged into one receptacle. Use of
converter plugs to allow appliances with three-pronged plugs to be plugged
into two-pronged receptacles. Three or more electrical panels in a single
family home.
Upgrading Old Electrical Systems
Most older home electrical systems can be upgraded into safe and fully
functional systems without a complete re-wiring of the home. Some of the
original wiring - even some of the old "tube and knob" - may be safely used
for lighting circuits and other low amperage utility circuits. The "87 gig
drive" needs a newer grounded circuit, but the light and table radio next to
the computer will work fine in a properly functioning 1910 circuit. So, if
you get a bid from an electrician for a re-wiring of the house, here are a
few questions to ask:
Could the existing electrical entrance provide me with enough amperage if I
switched some of the larger appliances to natural gas or propane? (Note: a
larger home may not need more than a 100 amp. entrance if most of the
cooking, heating, water heating and clothes drying is done with gas or
propane.)
Conversely, does this work take into account next years project? For example,
a new kitchen may require further upgrades to the electrical capacity of the
entrance.
Can some of the existing circuits be used in conjunction with some new
circuits?
If some of the new wiring is being performed during a remodel, would this be
a good time to add new circuits to neighboring rooms?
Are some of the proposed upgrades required in new construction but not
required in existing older homes? And, if not, do I need them? For example,
today's code requires a receptacle within 6 feet of any wall surface. But
that code does not apply to most existing walls in an older home. Adding
receptacles in some walls may be very useful in some areas but not in others.
Will the electrical work damage any surfaces, trim or other elements of the
home? Is the restoration included in the bid? (Note: electricians who
specialize in remodeling and upgrades may be able to perform the work with
less damage to the home).